Acetonitrile (CAS 75-05-8) – Chosungunulira Choyera Kwambiri cha Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala ndi Mankhwala
Minda Yaikulu Yogwiritsira Ntchito
Mu kusanthula kwa mankhwala, acetonitrile ndi chosungunulira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa kusanthula kwa high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) ndi gas chromatography (GC). Chimasungunuka bwino komanso chimakhala ndi kukhuthala kochepa, chomwe chimasungunula bwino mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zachilengedwe ndi zosapangidwa kuti chipereke zotsatira zomveka bwino. Acetonitrile imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pokonzekera mayankho okhazikika ndi madzi oyezera, kuonetsetsa kuti kusanthulako kuli kolondola komanso kodalirika.
Mu kapangidwe ka organic, acetonitrile ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chosungunulira komanso chapakati. Chimatha kusungunula mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale malo okhazikika a zochita za mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, popanga mankhwala enaake ndi mankhwala onunkhira, acetonitrile imatha kugwira ntchito ngati chosungunulira kuti ilimbikitse zomwe zimachitika. Kuphatikiza apo, acetonitrile imatha kutenga nawo mbali muzochitika zina za mankhwala kuti ipange mankhwala omwe ali ndi ntchito zinazake. Mwachitsanzo, acetonitrile imatha kuchita zinthu zina zosinthira nucleophilic ndi gulu lake la cyano kuti ipange mankhwala ofanana a amine kapena mowa.
Mu makampani opanga mankhwala, acetonitrile imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga ndi kuyeretsa mankhwala. Imatha kusungunula mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala oyambira ndi ophatikizana, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mankhwala azigwira bwino ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, popanga maantibayotiki ena ndi mankhwala a mtima, acetonitrile imatha kugwira ntchito ngati chosungunulira kuti iwonjezere kuchuluka kwa zochita ndi zokolola. Kuphatikiza apo, acetonitrile ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga makristalo ndi kuyeretsa mankhwala kuti zitsimikizire kuti mankhwala ndi abwino.
Mu makampani opanga fungo ndi zodzoladzola, acetonitrile imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ndi kuyeretsa mankhwala onunkhira. Ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchotsa zinthu zachilengedwe zonunkhiritsa, monga mafuta ofunikira kuchokera ku zomera. Kuphatikiza apo, acetonitrile ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga mankhwala onunkhiritsa okhala ndi fungo lapadera la zonunkhira ndi zodzoladzola.
Mu makampani opanga zamagetsi, acetonitrile imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chotsukira ndi chosungunulira. Imatha kuchotsa bwino zotsalira ndi zinyalala pamwamba pa zida zamagetsi, kuonetsetsa kuti zida zamagetsi zimakhala zoyera komanso zikugwira ntchito bwino. Mwachitsanzo, popanga zinthu zamagetsi, acetonitrile ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyeretsa pamwamba pa ma wafer, kuchotsa zotsalira za photoresist ndi zinyalala zina.
Ngakhale kuti imagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana, acetonitrile ndi yosinthasintha komanso yoopsa, ndipo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake ndi kusungidwa kwake kumafuna njira zodzitetezera kwambiri. Acetonitrile imasanduka nthunzi mosavuta mumlengalenga, choncho iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo opumira bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, mayankho a acetonitrile ndi oopsa pang'ono, ndipo zida zoyenera zodzitetezera ziyenera kuvalidwa mukamagwiritsa ntchito kuti musakhudze khungu ndi maso. Pakupanga mafakitale, kugwiritsa ntchito acetonitrile nthawi zambiri kumachitika m'makina otsekedwa kuti achepetse kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe.
Mafotokozedwe
| Dzina la Chinthu | Acetonitrile | |||||||||
| Fomula Yamankhwala | C2H3N | |||||||||
| Kulemera kwa Maselo | 41.05 g/mol | |||||||||
| Maonekedwe | Madzi owonekera opanda utoto | |||||||||
| Malo Osungunuka | -45.7°C | |||||||||
| Malo Owira | 81.6°C | |||||||||
| Kuchulukana | 0.003 g/cm³ | |||||||||
| CAS NO | 75-05-8 | |||||||||
| Khodi ya HS | 2926909090 | |||||||||
| EINECS NO | 200-835-2 | |||||||||
| Kugwiritsa ntchito | Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zachilengedwe, kuchotsa zinthu, mankhwala osakaniza, komanso kusanthula kwa chromatographic. | |||||||||
Pepala Lowongolera Ubwino
| Dzina la Chinthu | Acetonitrile | ||||||
| CHINTHU | MUYENERA (Ubwino Wapamwamba) | MTENGO WA MAYESO (%) | |||||
| Magawo a Chromaticity/HaZen | 10 | 10 | |||||
| Kuchulukana | 0.5 | 0.003 g/cm³ | |||||
| Chiyero/%≥ | 99.9 | 99.94 | |||||
| Chinyezi/%≤ | 0.030 | 0.029 | |||||
| Acetone/%≤ | 25 | ＜5 | |||||
| Acrylonitrile/%≤ | 25 | ＜5 | |||||
| Ammonia/%≤ | 6 | 1.1 | |||||
| Asidi (monga acetic acid)/≤ | 50 | 1.8 | |||||
| Mkuwa/(mg/kg)≤ | 0.5 | 0.001 | |||||
| Iron/(mg/kg)≤ | 0.5 | 0.003 g/cm³ | |||||
| Kutentha kwa kutentha (pa 0.10133 MPa) °C | 81.0-82.0 | 81.6-82.0 | |||||
Powombetsa mkota
Mwachidule, acetonitrile, monga chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chachilengedwe komanso chosungunulira, imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'mafakitale ambiri. Sikuti imangowonjezera magwiridwe antchito komanso zokolola zamakemikolo komanso imathandizira chitukuko cha mafakitale amakono. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kosalekeza, mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito acetonitrile udzakhala wokulirapo.